gunnell



No. 624,928. Patented May I6, I899.

' E. GUNNELL.

RIVETING APPARA (Application filed. May 25, 1898.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets'-Sh60i 2.

Patented May I6, 8899.

' E. GUNNELL.

RIVETING APPARATUS.

' (Application filed Kay 25, 1898.)

5 Sheets-Shoat a.

. J w 4% l W ll W C V wl W\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ TI. 0 v w v p I l L 1 1 z .0 I xx l M I No. 624,928. Paionted May l6, I899.

- E. GUNNELL;

mvnms APPAnATus.

(Application fllad my 25, 1898.)

5 Sheats-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

N0. 624,928. Patented May I6; I399.

I E. GUNNELL.

RIVETING APPARATUS.

(Application filed m 25, 1698. (No lfludel.) 5 Shepta-8hget 5.

ll I

UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

ELIAS GUNNELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO V. IRVING BABCOCK, OF SAME PLACE.

RIVETING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 624,928, dated May 16, 1899.

Application filed May 25, 1898. Serial No. 681,697. .No model.)

had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates more particularly to the driving of countersunk flush-pointed rivets, and has for its principal object the provision of means whereby such rivets maybe readily driven and finished with what are known as pneumatic hammers in locations and under conditions where it has heretofore been difficult and to some extent impracticable to employ such hammers. As is well known,where pneumatic hammers can be convenientlyemployed in driving rivets the work can be done much more expeditiously than by hand and at a consequent great saving of labor and expense; but in some locations and under some conditions--as, for instance, the rivets in the outer shell of a steel ship-it has not heretofore been practicable to utilize pneumatic hammers in the work. My invention relates to novel apparatus for supporting,

adjusting, and properly manipulating pneumatic hammers for the driving of flush-pointed countersunk rivets in such locations, and also includes, incidentally apparatus for the improved manipulation of pneumatic hammers for driving such rivets in other locations as well.

In the ordinary practice of driving flushpointedcountersunk rivets three men are required, one to hold on with aheavy hammer against the head of the rivet and the other two to beat down the point of the rivet with hand-hammers, then out 01f with a cold: chisel the excess metal in the point, and then finish it off flush with the plate. Nearly all of such rivets are employed in locations where, as in the outer shell or decks of a steel ship, there is no connection between the two sides of the work and the rivets cannot be driven by a power-riveter mounted on a bow-frame or yoke, since such frame or yoke will not straddle the work in such locations and reach with one arm to the head side and with the other to the point side of the rivet.

My invention involves the employment of an adjustable support for the pneumatic hammer, which may be readily attached at any desired point to the outer surface of the shell of a steel ship or other similar surface and by means of which a pneumatic hammer carried by such support may be readily applied to and used upon the points of all the rivets within a large area of the surface of the work without shifting the attachment of the supportingdevice. Italsoinvolves provisionfor movement of the pneumatic hammer upon the adjustable support in sucha way that the hammer may be madeto act conveniently and efficiently upon the points of the rivets which are to be driven, all as hereinafter more fully explained, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of my complete apparatus as used, for instance, in driving rivets in the bottom plates of the shell of a ship; Fig. 2, an end elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a bottom plan View of the parts shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 a top plan view thereof, both views omitting the plates to which the parts are attached and through which the rivets pass; Fig. 5, an enlarged top plan view of the yoke end of the supportingbeam and the hammer-supporting gimbals mounted therein; Fig. 6, a side elevation of the pneumatic hammer and its inclosing cylinder, which are mounted in the gimbals of the supporting-beam; Fig. 7, a middle longitudinal section of the parts shown in Fig. 6 on the line 7 7 of the latter figure; Fig. 8, an enlarged side elevation, partly in section, showing a different method of mounting the pneumatic hammer upon the end of the beam; Fig. 9, a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a modified method of'mounting the adjustable support for the hammer; Fig. 9, a cross-sectional detail; Fig. 10, a bottom plan view of Fig. 9, and Fig. 11 aview showing still another method of mounting the hammer upon theadjustable support.

The same letters of reference are used to indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

In Fig. 1, A and B may be taken to represent two outer plates of the shell of a ship, and O a butt plate or strap covering the joint between them and to be riveted to them.

D is a fixed channel-bar of the interior framework, against which abuts the upper end of a pneumatic holder-on E, consisting of the rod or pipe abutting at its upper end against the bar D and carrying at its lower end a cylinder F, whose piston carries at its lower end the button-set, which fits over the head of the rivet passed through the plates 0 and B. Compressed air admitted to the upper end of the cylinder F from a supply-pipe II forces the piston downward and presses the buttonset G against the head of the rivet. Any other suitable form of holder-on may be used.

Swiveled at its upper end in a support I, removably attached to the plate A, is a yoke J, in the lower ends of whose pendent arms is journaled the roller or wheel K.

L is a longitudinal beam or bar which passes between the arms of the yoke J and rests upon the roller K. Inasmuch as this beam is free to be moved lengthwise through the yoke in either direction and can also be swung in a circle with the yoke 011 the swiveled support of the latter, it follows that either end of the beam may be adjusted to any point in the area inclosed within a circle having a radius nearly equal to the length of the beam, with the pivot of the yoke J for its center. In practice I employ a beam about ten feet in length, in which event from one point of attachment of the support I to the plate A an area of surface upward of fifteen feetin diameter may be covered without shifting the attachment of the support I to the plate A. In practice the range of adjustment of the beam is preferably made sufficient to cover an area containing as many rivets as one man can drive in a day with 'my improved apparatus, usually from three hundred to six hundred rivets.

At its left-hand end the beam carries an inverted caster wheel H, adapted to bear against the under side of the plate A and travel freely over its surface when the beam is shifted from one position to another. The rod or post N, which carries the wheel M, passes freely through an eye in the end of the beam L, but is threaded to receive a nut O, which rests upon the upper side of the beam and limits the downward movement of the post N and wheel M. By turning this nut O the wheel M may be raised or lowered relatively to the beam L to accommodate variations in the space between the end of the beam L and the surface of the plate A, as where the wheel M may have to rest against the surface of the shell of a vessel at a point where it curves relatively to the surface of the plate A at the opposite end of the beam. By means of this adjustment of the wheel M the opposite end of the beam L, carrying the pneumatic hammer, may be maintained at an approximately uniform distance from the surface of the work where the riveting is to be done. The caster-wheel M simply relieves friction and may be omitted and the upper end of the rod or post N allowed to abut directly against the plate A, or any other suitable distance-piece be employed for the purose.

p The right-hand end of the beam L has secured to it a yoke P, hereinafter referred to, and also carries a vertical cylinder Q, which contains a piston having a vertically-extending rod R, whose upper end bears against the surface of the work and has preferably seated in it a rubber block R for contact with the surface of the work. (See also Fig. 8.) The lower end of thecylinder Q has connect ed to it a supply-pipe S, from which compressed air, controlled by a valve T, may be admitted to the lower end of the cylinder to force the piston-rod R upward against the plate A.

It will be understood from the foregoing that when the right-hand end of the beam has been adjusted to the desired point for work the admission of the air to the cylinder Q and forcing upward of the piston-rod R will force the right-hand end of the beam L downward and the left-hand end thereof upward, causing the beam to be firmly held in its adjusted position against the plate A, (whether the latter be on the bottom or on the side of the vessel,) so long as the compressed air is admitted to the cylinder Q. When it is desired to release the beam from its fixed position preparatory to shifting it from the position of one rivet to another, the valve T will be turned to position to cut off the supply from the pipe S and release the air from the cylinder Q, thereby permitting the retraction of the piston-rod R.

Having now described the adjustable support for the pneumatic hammerand the means for moving it to and securing it in different positions, I will next describe the method of mounting the hammer upon the end of the beam, as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7.

As shown in Fig. 5, the opposite arms of the yoke P, carried by the end of the beam L, are provided with eyes or journal-bearings U, through which pass the journals or trunnions V of a two-part gimbal-frame X, whose two halves are bolted together at a a. Coiled springs Y Y, surrounding the trunnions V V between the frame X and arms of the yoke P, yieldingly hold the frame in middle position between the arms of the yoke. The two halves of the gimbal-frame X at their points of junction at a are formed with journal-bearings to receive journals or trunnions Z Z, projecting from the opposite sides of a cylinder A, Figs. 5, 6, and '7, which cylinder carries the pneumatic hammer heretofore referred to, the trunnions Z Z being surrounded by coiled springs Z similar to the coiled springs Y and serving to yieldingly hold the pneumatic hammer centrally of the gimbalframe. The cylinder or barrel I3 of the pneumatic hammer slides freely through, but snugly fits, the opposite ends or heads of the cylinder A, and the latter is provided at its opposite ends with stuffing-boxes O to insure close joints. The lower end of the cylinder A is connected by an integral yoke or pair of depending arms D E with a second cylinder F, in which fits a piston G, Whose upper end is screwed in and firmly secured to the lower end of the barrel or cylinder of the pneumatic hammer. At its extreme lower end the cylinder F is provided with a central admitted from the pipe I to the lower end of the cylinder F, it will act upon the piston G and press the latter and the entire pneu- 'matic hammer upward in the cylinders A F and cause the riveting-die K, carried by the upper end of the pneumatic hammer and upon which the piston of the hammer acts, to bear against thepoint of the rivet.

The pneumatic hammer, located in the cylinders A F and pressed upward by the admission of motive fluid to the lower end of the cylinder F, maybe of any well-known or suitable construction adapted for the purpose. In the present instance and preferably provision is made whereby the admission of the motive fluid to the lower end of the cylinder F for the purpose of pressing the pneumatic hammer up to the work will also serve to admit motive fluid to the interior of the hammer andcause its piston to reciprocate and deliver its blows-to the stem or shank of the riveting-die, inserted in the upper end of the barrel or cylinder of the hammer. In the present instance a duct L, Fig. 7, communicating at its lower end with v the interior of the cylinderF, extends upward through the wall of the latter and through the arm E, connecting the cylinder F with the cylinder A, and at its upper end communicates with the interior of the cylinder A, being the annular space surrounding the barrel or cylinder of the pneumatic hammerwithin the cylinder A. From this annular space the motive fluid is admitted to the interior of the pneumatic hammer by ports M, which remain in communication with the interior of the cylinder A during the entire length of movement of the cylinder I3 within the cylinder A. The piston N is composed of an enlarged head or lower end fitting the large bore of the cylinderB and a long stem or body fitting the contracted'bore of the cylinder B at O, the junction of saidhead'and body forming an annular shoulder b. The lower end of the piston is recessed at O and the upper end of the recess communicates with ports 0, opening through the sides ofthe piston. In Fig.

7 the piston is being driven upward to deliver a blow to the shank of the riveting-die K. As it approaches the limit of its upward movement the ports 0 pass the contracted portion.

0 of the bore of the cylinder B and communicate with the exhaust, permitting the escape of the motive fluid beneath the piston which has driven it upward, whereupon the pressure of the motive fluid against the annular shoulder Z) forces the piston downward. As it approaches its lower limit of movement the ports 0 will be brought into the larger bore of the cylinder B opposite the inlet-ports M, so that the motive fluid will then pass through said ports and the recess 0 to the lower end of the cylinder, beneath the piston, and drive the latter upward again. This is a wellknown construction and operation of piston and per se forms no part of my invention, since, as heretofore stated, any suitable pneumatic hammer may be employed. Likewise i any suitable arrangement of cylinder for holding the hammer and permitting the motive fluid to force it up to. its work may be mit motive fluid to the cylinder and hammer.

- It will be understood that the mounting of the pneumatic hammer upon the end of the beam in the manner described permits great freedom of movement of the hammer and allows the same, while being supported by the beam and firmly pressed upward against the rivet, to be manipulated by the workman with almost the same freedom that he could handle it it held and supported entirely in his hands. This freedom of movement is highly essential in the work of driving countersunk flush-pointed rivets and enables the point of the rivet to be first battered down in substantially the same manner as the work is done by hand, and then after the surplus metal in ICC IIO

the point has been cut away(either with a chisel and hand-hammer or a chisel and pneumatic hammer) the point of the'rivet can'be finished around its joint with the plate in the same manner as by hand. In thus finishing tion when necessary to cause the riveting-die to act upon and finish the entire point of the rivet just as in the case of handwork, and in this manner and by these means the greatlyincreased power and efficiency of pneumatic hammers is availed of and the rivets driven and finished much more expeditiouslythan is possible by handwork-and with more satisfactory results.

For the purpose of better holding the end of the riveting-die in position against the point of the rivet without interfering with the freedom of movement of the hammer a suitable guide may be employed, consisting in the present instance of a bent arm P, Fig. 1, which is mounted to slide vertically upon the piston-rod R, and at its extreme right-hand end is provided with an eye or guide-opening to receive the riveting-die, which latter projects through the opening in the arm P, but is restrain ed in its lateral movement thereby. At its extreme opposite end the arm P is vertically guided upon a fixed rod Q, projecting from the upper side of the beam L and surrounded by a coiled spring R, which is confined upon the rod Q by a head at its upper end and presses downward against the arm P. This spring Rserves to retract the arm P and yieldingly hold it in normal position, while permitting it to move upward with the hammer as the latter batters down the point of the rivet and advances to the work. The riveting-die K has an annular shoulder which bears against the underside of the guide-arm P and lifts the latter against the resistance of the spring R as the hammer advances to the work. The eye or guide-opening in the arm P is sufficiently larger than the reduced upper end of the die K to permit freedom of movement of the latter in it. An enlarged view of the bent guide-arm P is shown in Fig. 8, in connection with the modification he'retofore referred to, where the manner in which the arm cooperates with the riveting-die will be more clearly seen.

Referring now to Fig. 8, the other method of supporting the pneumatic hammer upon the end of the beam L, which has heretofore been referred to, may be explained. In this modification the beam L, instead of having a yoke secured to it and the pneumatic hammer supported upon a gimbal-frame in .the yoke, carries a bracket-frame S, in which is supported or formed the cylinder Q, which contains the piston having the vertically-extended rod R, as and for the purpose of that described in connection with Fig. 1, and the guide-arm P is mounted upon this pistonrod and cooperates with the riveting-die in the manner heretofore explained. The bracketframe S has formed in its lower part an annular seat in which is fitted a rotatable circular plate T, having a depending central stem U, upon which is fitted a crank V, by which the plate T may be turned. In its upper surface the plate T is provided with a central seat or concave recess W and one or X. By adjusting the hammer to the position shown in Fig. 8, with the knob Y at its lower end seated in one of the recesses X, the riveting-die may be made to act at an angle upon the point of the rivet to batter it down in the same manner that the work is commonly done by hand, and after the surplus metal has been cut away and the pneumatic hammer reapplied to the point of the rivet the latter may be finished in the desired manner by rotating the plate T by means of the handle V, thus giving the lower end of the hammer a circular movement and causing the die to finish the rivet around its edge at its joint with the plate. When it is desired to have the die act centrally upon the rivet in line with its axis, the lower end of the hammer will be shifted to the central recess W in the plate T.

In Figs. 9 and' 10 I have illustrated a modified and in some respects a preferable arrangement for mounting the adjustable support or beam L, heretofore described. In this instance there is detachably secured to the plate A a long pipe or tube C, provided in its under side with a longitudinal slot D, as shown in Fig. 10. Any suitable means for attaching the pipe 0 to the plate A may be employed. In the present instance the pipe is surrounded at its opposite ends with ring-plates E, which are bolted at their upper ends to forked plates F, Whose upper ends terminate in threaded bolts passing through the plate A and having nuts G screwed upon them above said plate. The forked lower ends of the plates F embrace the npper half of the pipe 0 and serve to hold it in fixed position, while the plates E,

bolted to the plates F, support the pipe. Arranged to travel longitudinally through the slot D in the under side of the pipe 0 is a plateI'I, which is supported within the pipe 0 by wheels or rollers I, mounted upon a spindle carried by the plate, as shown in Fig. 9. A bolt J is passed downward through the horizontally-bent lower end of the plate H, and upon this bolt is suspended the beam L, for which purpose the beam is in the instance shown provided with a vertical hole, through which the bolt passes, and the bolt has screwed upon its lower end a nut K, provided with a handle, by which it may be readily turned. The nut K serves to support the beam L, and by it the beam may also be readily raised and lowered. In Figs. 9 and 10 this beam is indicated as being formed of a pipe of similar size to the pipe 0, instead of being formed of a bar, as in Figs. 1, 3, and 4. The particular form of this beam or support is, however, immaterial, and it maybe a wooden beam, a steel bar, a solid rod, or a hollow tube or pipe, as convenience and attendant conditions may make desirable.

The longitudinal'adjustment of the beam in Figs. 9 and 10 is effected along the fixed pipe 0, and no provision is indicated for adjustment of the beam longitudinally relative to its own pivotal support. The adjustment along the pipe 0 and around the pivot-bolt J" will in ordinary cases enable the pneumatic hammer carried by the beam to cover an area containing as many rivets as one operator can drive in the course of a days work, the usual practice being to shift the point of attachment of the beam to the shell of the vessel from one point to another at the end of a days work, so that during the day the driving of the rivets may be carried 'on uninterruptedly. Should, however, it be desired to give the apparatus a still greater range of adjustment, the beam L might in Figs. 9 and 10 be suspended in a yoke similar to the yoke J of Fig. 1, such yoke being in that case swiveled in the plate H, just as it is swiveled in the fixed support I in Fig. 1. v

This provision would give the apparatus of Figs. 9 and 10 a much greater range of adjustment than that shown in either Fig. 1 or Figs. 9 and 10.

One of the advantages of the arrangement shown in Figs. 9 and 10, as there shown, is that the beam L is at all times pivotally supported at a point near its middle, and thus the leverage of its arms on opposite sides of its pivot is maintained about equal and greater rigidity of the beam preserved. Under the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 if the beam be adjusted toward the right until its left-hand end is brought adjacent itspivotal support the leverage thereby given the portion of the beam at the right of such support is so great that it requires a very heavy and rigid beam to properly support the parts carried by the right-hand end of the beam While they are in operation.

having a concave upper surface upon which rests the convex under surface of an annue lar plate Q, surrounding the cylinder A, and in the present instance formed integral therewith. This plate Q" is confined between the plate P, upon which it rests, and an upper flanged plate R, which is bolted to the plate P near its outer edge. The central openings in both the plates P"and Rare of suflicient size to permit the lower endof the hammer to be swung freely in any desired direction.

The support for the hammer above described is a substitute for the support shown in Figs. 1 to 8, and the movement of the hammer in operation is similar in all cases. It is not at all essential in Fig. 11 that the plate P be mounted upon ball-bearings, or, in-

deed, that it be rotatable at all, since the hammer maybe mounted upon such support in order to give it sufficient freedom of movement to permit the required manipulation of the riveting-die upon the end of the rivet. In this respect, therefore, my invention is not restricted in its broader scope to any particular means for so mounting the hammer upon the adjustable support, but con templates any and all means for so mounting it as will allow it the necessary freedom of movement for the work it has to do.

It will be understood that while the hammer is being held up to its work by the motive fluid admitted to the cylinder which incloses the hammer the back pressure tends to press the end of the supporting-beam away from the work just as does the pressure of the motive fluid admitted to the cylinder Q of the holding device, and in practice the latter device may be omitted from the apparatus where not found necessary or desirable. Its omission will permit some freedom of movement of the end of the beam itself, and consequently a wider and freer range of movement of the pneumatic hammer mounted in the cylinder carried by the beam. It will of course be understood that where the pneumatic holding device consisting of the cylinder Q and cooperating parts is omitted the guide-arm P will also be omitted. This guidearm will be frequently omitted in practice, however, even where the pneumatic holding device is retained.

While my invention relates more particularly to apparatus for rivetingand has been so described, nevertheless it will be apparent that the adjustable beam or support and its associated devices may be advantageously employed in other workthan riveting, but more or less analogous thereto. Thus, for instance, instead of supporting a pneumatic hammer for driving rivets the beam may support. a rotary pneumatic drill or other tool which requires to be shifted from point to point upon the surface of the work.

Having thus fully described myinvention, I claim 1. Theherein-described rivetingapparatus, comprising a laterally and longitudinally adjustable beam orsupport adapted to be detachably, secured tov the work at different points, and a pneumatic hammer connected to said beam by an approximately universal IIO joint permitting the hammer sufficient freedom of movement thereon to enable it to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

2. The herein-described riveting apparatus, comprising a laterally and longitudinally adjustable beam or support adapted to be detachably secured to the Work at different points, a cylinder carried by said beam, and a pneumatic hammer mounted in said cylinder and pressed to its work by motive fluid admitted to the cylinder, said cylinder being connected to the beam by an approximately universal joint permitting it sufficient freedom of movement upon the beam to enable the hammer to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

3. A riveting apparatus comprising an adjustable supporting-beam swiveled upon a support adapted to be detachably secured to the work at different points, a pneumatic holding device carried by the beam near one end and cooperating with the surface of the work to hold the beam in fixed position, and a pneumatichammer carried by the beam and having sufficient freedom of movement .thereon to enable it to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

4. A riveting apparatus comprising an adjustable supporting-beam swiveled upon a support adapted to be detachably secured to the Work at different points, a cylinder and piston and rod carried by the beam at one end, intermediate the latter and the work, for holding the end of the beam in fixed position when motive fluid is admitted to the cylinder, and a pneumatic hammer carried by the beam and having sufficient freedom of movement thereon to enable it to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

5. A riveting apparatus comprising an adjustable supporting-beam swiveled upon a support adapted to be detachably secured to the work at different points, a pneumatic holding device carried by the beam near one end and cooperating with the surface of the work to hold the beam in fixed position, a cylinder also carried by said beam, and a pneumatic hammer mounted in said cylinder and pressed to its work by motive fluid admitted to the cylinder, said cylinder having sufficient freedom of movement upon the supporting-beam to enable the hammer to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

' 6. A riveting apparatus comprising an adjustable supporting-beam swiveled upon a support adapted to be detachably secured to the work at different points, a cylinder carried by the beam near one end and containing a piston having a rod projecting from it toward the surface of the work and adapted to bear against the latter. when motive fluid is admitted to the cylinder, to hold the beam in fixed position, a second cylinder carried by said beam,and a pneumatic hammer mounted in said second cylinder and pressed to its face of the work, means at the opposite end' of the beam, for forcing the latter away from the surface of the work and holding it in fixed position, and a pneumatichammercarried by the beam and having sufficient freedom of movement thereon to enable it to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

8. A riveting apparatus comprising a longitudinally-adjustable supporting-beam swiveled between its ends upon a support adapted to be detachably secured to the work at different points, a distance-piece at one end of the beam, between the same and the surface of the Work, a pneumatic holding device at the opposite end of the beam, forholding the latter in adjusted position, and a pneumatic hammer carried by the beam, and having sufficient freedom of movement thereon to enable it to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

9. A riveting apparatus comprising a supporting-beam swiveled between its ends upon a support adapted to be detachably secured to the work at different points, said beam be in g adjustable lengthwise of its swiveled support, a distance-piece carried by the beam at one end, between the same and the surface of the work, means intermediate the opposite end of the beam and the surface of the work for forcing the end of the beam away from the surface of the work and holding it in fixed position, and a pneumatic hammer carried by the beam and having sufficient freedom of movement thereon to enable it to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

10. Ariveting apparatus comprisingalongitudinally-adjustable supporting-beam swiveled between its ends upon a support adapted to be detachably secured to the work at different points, a distance-piece at one end of the beam between the same and the surface of the work, means at the opposite ends of the beam for forcing the latter away from the surface of the work and holding it in fixed position, a cylinder carried by the beam, a pneumatic hammer mounted in said cylinder and pressed to its work by motive fluid admitted to the cylinder, said cylinder having sufficient freedom of movement upon the beam to enable the hammer to be properly manipulated upon thepoint of the rivet.

11. A riveting apparatus comprising a longitudinally-adjustable supporting-beam swiveled between its ends upon a support adapted to be detachably secured to the work at different points, a distance-piece at one end of the beam, between the same and the surface of the work, a pneumatic holding device at the opposite ends of the beam for holding the latter in adj usted position, a cylindercarried by the beam, and a pneumatic hammer mounted in said cylinder and pressed to its workby motive fluid admitted to the cylinder, said cylinder having sufficient freedom of movement upon the beam to enable the hammer to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

12. A riveting apparatus comprising a su pporting-beam swiveled between its ends upon a support adapted to be detachably secured to the Work at different points, said beam being adjustable lengthwise of its swiveled support, a distancepiece carried by the beam at one end, between the same and the surface of the Work, a cylinder and piston and rod at the opposite end of the beam for forcing the latter away from the surface of the Work and holding it in fixed position when motive fluid is admitted to the cylinder, a second cylinder carried by the beam, a pneumatic hammer mounted in said second cylinder and pressed to its Work by motive fluid admitted to the cylinder, said second cylinder having sufficient freedom of movement upon the beam to enable the hammer to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

13. A riveting apparatus comprising an adjustable supporting-beam swiveled between its ends upon a support adapted to be detachably secured to the work at different points, a caster-Wheel or antifriction-roller carried by the beam at one end and adapted to bear against the surface of the Work, means at the opposite end of the beam for forcing the latter away from the surface of the-work and holding it in fixed position, a cylinder carried by the beam, and-a pneumatic hammer mounted in said cylinder and pressed to its Work by-motive fluid admitted to the cylinder, said cylinder having sufficient freedom of movement upon the beam to enable the hammer to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

14. A riveting apparatus comprisinga supporting-beam swiveled betweenits ends upon a-su-pport adapted to be detachably secured to the Work at different points, said beam be; ing adjustable lengthwise of its swiveled support, a caster-Wheel or anti'friction-roller carried by the beam at one end and adapted to bear against the surface of the work, a pneumatic holding device at the opposite end of the beam for holding the latter in adjusted position, a cylinder carried by said beam, and a pneumatic hammer mounted in said cylinder and pressed to its Work by motive fluid admitted to the cylinder, said cylinder having sufficient freedom of movement upon the beam to enable the hammer to be properly manipulated upon the point of the rivet.

15. A riveting apparatus comprising the I beam L swiveled upon and longitudinally adjustable of the support I adapted to be detachably secured to the plate A, the casterwheel M carried by the beam at one end and adjustable in relation thereto, the cylinder Q and piston-rod R carried by the opposite end of the beam, and the pneumatic hammer mounted in a second cylinder carried by the last-mentioned end of the beam and having sufficient freedom of movement relatively to the beam to enable it to be manipulated upon the. point of the rivet, as described.

16. A riveting apparatus comprising the beam L suspended in a longitudinally-adjustable yoke J swiveled upon the supportI adapted to be detachably secured to the plate A, the rod N passing through the beam at one end and carrying the wheel M adapted to bear against the surface of the Work, said rod being adjustable relative to the beam by means of the nut O, the cylinder Q. and piston and rod R carried by the opposite end of the beam, a second cylinder loosely hung upon said end of the beam, and a pneumatic hammer mounted in said second cylinder and pressed to its Work by motive fluid admitted to said cylins der, as described.

17. In a riveting apparatus, the combination of a pneumatic hammer and a suitable adjustable support, said support being adj ustable to different positions upon the Work for the purpose of bringing the hammer opposite the rivet to be acted upon, and the hammer having a connection with said support which permits the hammer, after being brought'opposite the rivet by adjustment of said support, to be directed upon the point of the rivet at different angles to the axis of the rivet, for the purpose described.

18. In a riveting apparatus, the combination of a pneumatic hammer and a suitable adjustable support, said support beingadjustable to different positions upon the work for the purpose of bringing the hammer opposite the rivet to be acted upon, andthe hammer being mounted in a cylinder having a connection with said support which permits the hammer, after being brought opposite the rivet and pressed against the latter by motive fluid admitted to the cylinder, to be directed upon the rivet at different angles to the axis of the rivet, for the purpose described.

19. In a riveting apparatus, the combination of a pneumatic hammer and a suitable adjustable support, said support being adjustable to different positions upon the work for the purpose of bringing the hammer opposite the rivet to be acted upon, and the hammer being connected with said support by means of gimbals which permit the hammer, after being brought opposite the rivet by adjustment of said support, to be directed upon the rivet at diflerent angles to the axis, for the purpose described. I

20. In a riveting apparatus, the combination of a suitable adjustable support, a cylinder mounted in gimbals upon said support,

and a pneumatic hammer mounted in said cylinder and pressed to its Work by motive fluid admitted thereto, the mounting of the cylinder permitting freedom of movement of one end of the hammer While the riveting-die carried by its opposite end acts upon the point of the rivet.

21. In a riveting apparatus, the combination of a suitable adjustable support, a cylinder mounted in gimbals upon said support, suitably-applied springs for yieldingly holding said cylinder in its normal central position in the gimbals, and a pneumatic hammer mounted in said cylinder and pressed to its work by motive fluid admitted to said cylinder, for the purpose described.

22. In a riveting apparatus, the combination of a longitudinally-adjustable beam swiveled upon a support detachably secured to the work, and a pneumatic hammer so mounted upon said beam as to permit freedom of movement of one end of the hammer While the riveting-die carried by its opposite end acts upon the point of the rivet.

23. In a riveting apparatus, the combina tion ofalongitudinally-adjustable beam swiveled upon a support detachably secured to the Work, and a pneumatic hammer carried in a cylinder so mounted upon said beam as to permit freedom of movement of one end of the hammer While the riveting-die carried by its opposite end acts upon the point of the rivet, said hammer being pressed to its Work by motive fluid admitted to said cylinder.

24:. In a riveting apparatus, the combination ofalongitudinally-adjustable beam swiveled upon a support detachably secured to the Work, and a pneumatic hammer mounted in gimbals upon said beam, permitting freedom of movement of one end of the hammer while its opposite end acts upon the point of the rivet.

25. In a riveting apparatus, the combination of a longitudinally-adj ustable beam swiveled upon a support detachably secured to the work, acyli'nder mounted in gimbals upon said beam, and a pneumatic ham mer mounted in said cylinder and pressed to its Work by motive fluid admitted thereto, the mounting of said cylinder permitting freedom of movement of one end of the hammer While the riveting-die carried byits opposite end acts upon the point of the rivet.

26. In a riveting apparatus, the combination of a lon gitudinally-ad j ustable beam swiveled upon a support detachably secured to the work, a cylinder mounted in gimbals upon said beam, suitably-applied springs for yieldingly holding the cylinder in its normal central position in the gimbals, and a pneumatic hammer mounted in said cylinder and pressed to its work by motive fluid admitted to the cylinder, for the purpose described.

27. In a riveting apparatus, the combination of the supporting-beam L, the yoke P secured thereto, the gimbal-frame X having the trunnions or journals V mounted in the opposite ends of the arms of the yoke P, the cylinder A having the trunnions or journals Z mounted in the gimbal-frame X, the springs Y and Z applied respectively to the journals 'V and Z, and the pneumatic hammer mounted position on the point of the rivet, said guidearm advancing with the die as the point of the rivet is battered down and being retracted when the die is withdrawn from the point of the rivet.

29. In a riveting apparatus, the combination ofa suitable support, a pneumatic hammer carried in a cylinder so mounted upon said support as to permit freedom of movement of one end While the riveting-die carried by its opposite end remains in contact with the rivet, and the guide-arm P guided upon the rod R and having the guide-opening through which the end of the rivetingdie K passes and in which it is confined, and the resetting-spring R applied to the guidearm P.

30. In a riveting apparatus, the combination, with the'adjustable support, of the cylinders A and F connected by the arms D E and flexibly connected to said support, the pneumatic hammer having its barrel or cylinder B mounted in and longitudinally movable through the opposite heads of the cylinder A, and the piston G secured to the end of the cylinder 15 and fitting in the cylinder F the lower end of the cylinder F communicating by a passage L with the interior of the cylinder A and through the ports M with the interior of the cylinder B of the pneumatic hammer, for the purpose described.

31. The combination of the detachable support I, the yoke J swiveled therein and carrying the roller K, the beam L supported in the yoke J upon the roller K, the caster-wheel M carried by and adjustable in relation to the beam at one end, and the cylinder Q and piston and rod R carried by the beam at its op posite end and cooperating therewith and with the surface of the Work, in the manner described.

ELIAS GUNNELL.

\Vitnesses:

EDWARD REoToR, LEONORA WIsEMAN. 

